30. At the equilibrium level of GDP
A. actual investment is zero.
B. unplanned changes in inventories are zero.
C. saving is greater than planned investment.
D. saving is less than planned investment.
31. The household sector would tend to decrease their consumption (i.e., decrease the amount of current income used for consumption) if there was
A. a decrease in stock prices
B. a reduction in interest rates
C. a redistribution of income from older workers to younger workers
D. the expectation that consumer prices will increase more rapidly in the future
32. From a macroeconomic standpoint it would be most desirable to have a decrease in personal consumption expenditures/spending (aggregate spending by the household sector)
A. when a recessionary gap exists.
B. when an inflationary gap exists.
C. during a period of no inflation, full employment.
D. when cost-push inflation is present in the economy.
E. never; it is never desirable to have a decrease in personal consumption spending
33. Say’s Law states that
A. supply creates its own demand.
B. demand creates its own supply.
C. aggregate supply and aggregate demand are always equal in the short run.
D. excessive unemployment will always exist in the economy.
E. excessive unemployment and inflation will always exist in the economy.
34. Demand-pull inflation is caused by
A. an increase in the aggregate price level.
B. wage increases that exceed productivity increases.
C. an increase in aggregate expenditures/demand at full employment.
D. an increase in aggregate expenditures/demand at any employment level.
E. A, B, and C all cause demand-pull inflation.
35. If the economy is operating at full employment and there is no inflation and suddenly
leakages (personal saving + taxes + imports) become greater than injections (planned
Ig + government spending + exports) it would be desirable to see
A. a decrease in personal consumption spending.
B. a decrease in personal saving.
C. a decrease in gross private domestic investment.
D. an increase in personal saving.
36. If the economy is in a recession a decrease in personal consumption spending will
A. help to eliminate the recession.
B. move the economy toward a demand-pull inflation.
C. lead to cost-push inflation.
D. will make the recession worse
37. According to Keynes, the level of business investment spending
A. depends only on the level of savings.
B. is totally independent of interest rates.
C. depends only on the level of interest rates.
D. is affected by interest rates and profit expectations.
E. depends only on the current level of business income.
38. If consumers expect a recession is likely to occur in the near future this will most likely cause
households to
A. increase both their current consumption and saving.
B. decrease both their current consumption and saving.
C. increase their current consumption and decrease their current saving.
D. decrease their current consumption and increase their current saving.

